> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://private-7c7dfe99-detect-table-modification.mintlify.site/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # 支持中心 > 浏览并搜索 ClickHouse 知识库 export const kbIndex = { categories: ["Cloud", "配置与设置", "数据导入与导出", "数据管理", "常规与常见问题", "集成与客户端库", "Materialized views 与 projections", "监控与调试", "性能与优化", "查询与 SQL", "安全与访问控制", "安装与部署", "表与 schema", "故障排查与错误"], tags: ["最佳实践", "社区", "概念", "核心数据概念", "数据导出", "数据格式", "数据摄取", "数据建模", "数据源", "部署与扩展", "错误与异常", "函数", "语言客户端", "管理 Cloud", "数据管理", "原生客户端与接口", "性能与优化", "安全与身份验证", "服务器管理", "设置", "系统表", "工具与实用程序", "故障排查", "使用场景"], articles: [{ id: "integrations/python-clickhouse-connect-example", title: "连接 ClickHouse Cloud Service 的 Python 客户端示例", description: "通过使用 clickhouse-connect 驱动的分步示例，了解如何使用 Python 连接 ClickHouse Cloud Service。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/python-clickhouse-connect-example", category: "Integrations & client libraries", tags: ["Language Clients"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/about-quotas-and-query-complexity", title: "关于配额与查询复杂度", description: "配额与查询复杂度是限制用户在 ClickHouse 中操作权限的有效手段。本知识库文章通过示例展示如何应用这两种不同的方式。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/about-quotas-and-query-complexity", category: "Configuration & settings", tags: ["Managing Cloud"] }, { id: "data-import-export/achieving-atomic-inserts", title: "在 ClickHouse Cloud 中实现原子插入与多表一致性", description: "如何在不使用多语句事务的情况下，通过暂存表和分区级操作，在 ClickHouse Cloud 中原子性地加载数据并保持多表一致性。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/achieving-atomic-inserts", category: "Data import & export", tags: ["Data Ingestion", "Best Practices"] }, { id: "tables-schema/add-column", title: "向表中添加列", description: "本指南将介绍如何向现有表添加列。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/add-column", category: "Tables & schema", tags: ["Data Modelling"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/alter-user-settings-exception", title: "修改用户设置时的异常处理", description: "处理修改用户设置时抛出的异常", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/alter-user-settings-exception", category: "Configuration & settings", tags: ["Settings", "Errors and Exceptions"] }, { id: "materialized-views/are-materialized-views-inserted-asynchronously", title: "Materialized Views 是同步插入的吗？", description: "本知识库文章探讨 Materialized Views 是否以同步方式插入", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/materialized-views/are-materialized-views-inserted-asynchronously", category: "Materialized views & projections", tags: ["Data Modelling"] }, { id: "tables-schema/schema-migration-tools", title: "ClickHouse 的自动 schema 迁移工具", description: "了解 ClickHouse 的自动 schema 迁移工具，以及如何随时间推移管理不断变化的数据库 schema。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/schema-migration-tools", category: "Tables & schema", tags: ["Tools and Utilities"] }, { id: "cloud-services/aws-privatelink-setup-for-msk-clickpipes", title: "配置 AWS PrivateLink 以将 MSK 暴露给 ClickPipes", description: "通过 MSK 多 VPC 连接将私有 MSK 暴露给 ClickPipes 的配置步骤。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/aws-privatelink-setup-for-msk-clickpipes", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Security and Authentication", "Managing Cloud"] }, { id: "cloud-services/aws-privatelink-setup-for-clickpipes", title: "配置 AWS PrivateLink 以将私有 RDS 暴露给 ClickPipes", description: "通过 AWS PrivateLink 将私有 RDS 暴露给 ClickPipes 的配置步骤。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/aws-privatelink-setup-for-clickpipes", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Security and Authentication", "Managing Cloud"] }, { id: "data-management/backing-up-a-specific-partition", title: "备份特定分区", description: "如何在 ClickHouse 中备份特定分区？", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/backing-up-a-specific-partition", category: "Data management", tags: ["Managing Data"] }, { id: "general-faqs/key-value", title: "ClickHouse 能用作键值存储吗？", description: "解答 ClickHouse 是否可用作键值存储这一常见问题。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/key-value", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/time-series", title: "ClickHouse 能用作时序数据库吗？", description: "介绍如何将 ClickHouse 用作时序数据库", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/time-series", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "queries-sql/pivot", title: "ClickHouse 支持 PIVOT 吗？", description: "ClickHouse 没有 PIVOT 子句，但可以使用聚合函数组合器实现类似功能。下面以英国房价数据集为例进行演示。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/pivot", category: "Queries & SQL", tags: ["Data Modelling", "Core Data Concepts"] }, { id: "general-faqs/vector-search", title: "ClickHouse 能用于向量搜索吗？", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse 进行向量搜索，包括存储嵌入向量以及使用余弦相似度等距离函数进行搜索。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/vector-search", category: "General & FAQs", tags: ["Use Cases", "Concepts"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/send-logs-level", title: "在客户端捕获查询的服务器日志", description: "了解如何使用 `send_logs_level` 客户端设置在客户端层面捕获服务器日志，即使日志配置各异也同样适用。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/send-logs-level", category: "Monitoring & debugging", tags: ["Server Admin"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/change-the-prompt-in-clickhouse-client", title: "修改 clickhouse-client 的提示符", description: "本文介绍如何将 ClickHouse 客户端和 clickhouse-local 终端窗口中的提示符从 :) 修改为带前缀的 :)", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/change-the-prompt-in-clickhouse-client", category: "Configuration & settings", tags: ["Settings", "Native Clients and Interfaces"] }, { id: "security/common-rbac-queries", title: "常用 RBAC 查询", description: "用于向用户授予特定权限的查询语句。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/security/common-rbac-queries", category: "Security & access control", tags: ["Security and Authentication", "Managing Cloud"] }, { id: "queries-sql/comparing-metrics-between-queries", title: "以分贝为单位比较查询间的指标", description: "用于在 ClickHouse 中比较两个查询指标的查询语句。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/comparing-metrics-between-queries", category: "Queries & SQL", tags: ["Performance and Optimizations"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/configure-cap-ipc-lock-and-cap-sys-nice-in-docker", title: "Configuring CAP_IPC_LOCK and CAP_SYS_NICE Capabilities in Docker", description: "Learn how to resolve Docker capability warnings for `CAP_IPC_LOCK` and `CAP_SYS_NICE` when running ClickHouse in a container.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/configure-cap-ipc-lock-and-cap-sys-nice-in-docker", category: "Configuration & settings", tags: ["Errors and Exceptions"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/configure-cap-ipc-lock-and-cap-sys-nice-in-docker", title: "Configuring CAP_IPC_LOCK and CAP_SYS_NICE Capabilities in Docker", description: "Learn how to resolve Docker capability warnings for `CAP_IPC_LOCK` and `CAP_SYS_NICE` when running ClickHouse in a container.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/configure-cap-ipc-lock-and-cap-sys-nice-in-docker", category: "Troubleshooting & errors", tags: ["Errors and Exceptions"] }, { id: "cloud-services/custom-dns-alias-for-instance", title: "Create a custom DNS alias by setting up a reverse proxy", description: "Learn how to set up a custom DNS alias for your instance using a reverse proxy", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/custom-dns-alias-for-instance", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Server Admin", "Security and Authentication"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/part-intersects-previous-part", title: "DB::Exception: Part XXXXX intersects previous part YYYYY. It is a bug or a result of manual intervention in the ZooKeeper data.", description: "本文介绍如何解决 ClickHouse 中 parts 相交导致的 DB::Exception 错误，该错误通常由竞态条件或对 ZooKeeper 数据的手动干预引起。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/part-intersects-previous-part", category: "故障排查与错误", tags: ["错误与异常", "系统表"] }, { id: "setup-installation/difference-between-official-builds-and-3rd-party", title: "Differences Between Official and 3rd-Party ClickHouse Builds", description: "Understand the key differences between official ClickHouse builds and 3rd-party builds, including updates, compatibility, and security considerations.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/difference-between-official-builds-and-3rd-party", category: "Setup & installation", tags: ["Concepts"] }, { id: "general-faqs/cost-based", title: "Does ClickHouse have a cost-based optimizer", description: "ClickHouse has certain cost-based optimization mechanics", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/cost-based", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/datalake", title: "Does ClickHouse support data lakes?", description: "ClickHouse supports data lakes, including Iceberg, Delta Lake, Apache Hudi, Apache Paimon, Hive", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/datalake", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/distributed-join", title: "Does ClickHouse support distributed JOIN?", description: "ClickHouse supports distributed JOIN", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/distributed-join", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/federated", title: "Does ClickHouse support federated queries?", description: "ClickHouse supports a wide range for federated and hybrid queries", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/federated", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/concurrency", title: "Does ClickHouse support frequent, concurrent queries?", description: "ClickHouse supports high QPS and high concurrency", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/concurrency", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "cloud-services/multi-region-replication", title: "Does ClickHouse support multi-region replication?", description: "This page answers whether ClickHouse supports multi-region replication", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/multi-region-replication", category: "Cloud", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/updates", title: "Does ClickHouse support real-time updates?", description: "ClickHouse supports lightweight real-time updates", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/updates", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "security/row-column-policy", title: "Does ClickHouse support row-level and column-level security?", description: "Learn about row-level and column-level access restrictions in ClickHouse and ClickHouse Cloud, and how to implement role-based access control (RBAC) with policies.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/security/row-column-policy", category: "Security & access control", tags: ["Security and Authentication"] }, { id: "cloud-services/execute-system-queries-in-cloud", title: "Execute SYSTEM Statements on All Nodes in ClickHouse Cloud", description: "Learn how to use `ON CLUSTER` and `clusterAllReplicas` to execute SYSTEM statements and queries across all nodes in a ClickHouse Cloud service.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/execute-system-queries-in-cloud", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Deployments and Scaling"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/count-parts-by-type", title: "Find counts and sizes of wide or compact parts", description: "This knowledgebase article shows you how to find part counts by the type of part - wide or compact.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/count-parts-by-type", category: "Troubleshooting & errors", tags: ["Troubleshooting"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/fix-developer-verification-error-in-macos", title: "Fix the Developer Verification Error in MacOS", description: "Learn how to resolve the MacOS developer verification error when running ClickHouse commands, using either System Settings or the terminal.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/fix-developer-verification-error-in-macos", category: "Troubleshooting & errors", tags: ["Errors and Exceptions"] }, { id: "data-import-export/s3-export-data-year-month-folders", title: "How can I do partitioned writes by year and month on S3?", description: "Learn how to write partitioned data by year and month to an S3 bucket in ClickHouse, using a custom path structure for organizing the data.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/s3-export-data-year-month-folders", category: "Data import & export", tags: ["Data Export", "Native Clients and Interfaces"] }, { id: "data-import-export/kafka-clickhouse-json", title: "How can I use the new JSON Data Type with Kafka?", description: "Learn how to load JSON messages from Apache Kafka directly into a single JSON column in ClickHouse using the Kafka table engine and JSON data type.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/kafka-clickhouse-json", category: "Data import & export", tags: ["Data Formats", "Data Ingestion"] }, { id: "cloud-services/change-billing-email", title: "How do I change my Billing Contact in ClickHouse Cloud?", description: "Let's learn how to change your billing address in ClickHouse Cloud.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/change-billing-email", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Managing Cloud"] }, { id: "general-faqs/how-do-i-contribute-code-to-clickhouse", title: "How do I contribute code to ClickHouse?", description: "ClickHouse 是一个在 GitHub 上开发的开源项目。按照惯例，贡献说明发布在源代码仓库根目录的 CONTRIBUTING 文件中。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/how-do-i-contribute-code-to-clickhouse", category: "常规与常见问题", tags: ["社区"] }, { id: "data-import-export/parquet-to-csv-json", title: "如何将文件从 Parquet 转换为 CSV 或 JSON？", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse 的 `clickhouse-local` 工具，轻松将 Parquet 文件转换为 CSV 或 JSON 格式。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/parquet-to-csv-json", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据源", "数据格式"] }, { id: "data-import-export/mysql-to-parquet-csv-json", title: "如何使用 ClickHouse 将 MySQL 数据导出为 Parquet、CSV 或 JSON", description: "了解如何使用 `clickhouse-local` 工具，快速高效地将 MySQL 数据导出为 Parquet、CSV 或 JSON 等格式。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/mysql-to-parquet-csv-json", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据格式", "数据导出"] }, { id: "data-import-export/postgresql-to-parquet-csv-json", title: "如何将 PostgreSQL 数据导出为 Parquet、CSV 或 JSON？", description: "通过多个示例，了解如何使用 `clickhouse-local` 将 PostgreSQL 数据导出为 Parquet、CSV 或 JSON 格式。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/postgresql-to-parquet-csv-json", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据导出", "数据格式"] }, { id: "setup-installation/install-clickhouse-windows10", title: "如何在 Windows 10 上安装 ClickHouse？", description: "了解如何使用 WSL 2 在 Windows 10 上安装和测试 ClickHouse，包括安装配置、故障排查以及运行测试环境。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/install-clickhouse-windows10", category: "安装与配置", tags: ["工具与实用程序"] }, { id: "security/remove-default-user", title: "如何删除默认用户？", description: "了解如何在运行 ClickHouse Server 时删除默认用户。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/security/remove-default-user", category: "安全与访问控制", tags: ["服务器管理"] }, { id: "cloud-services/ingest-failures-23-9-release", title: "如何解决 ClickHouse 23.9 版本发布后的数据摄取失败问题？", description: "了解如何解决 ClickHouse 23.9 中针对使用 `async_inserts` 的表引入更严格权限检查所导致的数据摄取失败问题，通过更新授权来修复错误。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/ingest-failures-23-9-release", category: "Cloud", tags: ["错误与异常"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/insert-select-settings-tuning", title: "如何解决 INSERT...SELECT 期间出现的 TOO MANY PARTS 错误？", description: "通过调整高级设置以增大数据块并提高分区阈值，解决 ClickHouse 在执行 `INSERT...SELECT` 时出现的 TOO_MANY_PARTS 错误。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/insert-select-settings-tuning", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["设置", "错误与异常"] }, { id: "integrations/node-js-example", title: "如何在 NodeJS 中使用 @clickhouse/client", description: "了解如何在 Node.js 应用程序中使用 @clickhouse/client 与 ClickHouse 交互并执行查询。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/node-js-example", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: ["语言客户端"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/view-number-of-active-mutations", title: "如何查看活跃或排队中的 mutation 数量？", description: "监控 ClickHouse 中活跃或排队中的 mutation 数量，尤其是在执行 `ALTER` 或 `UPDATE` 操作时。使用 `system.mutations` 表跟踪 mutation。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/view-number-of-active-mutations", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["系统表"] }, { id: "data-management/read-consistency", title: "如何在 ClickHouse 中实现数据读取一致性？", description: "了解如何在从 ClickHouse 读取数据时确保数据一致性，无论连接的是同一节点还是随机节点。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/read-consistency", category: "数据管理", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "setup-installation/llvm-clang-up-to-date", title: "如何在 Linux 上构建 LLVM 和 clang", description: "在 Linux 上构建 LLVM 和 clang 的命令。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/llvm-clang-up-to-date", category: "安装与配置", tags: ["社区", "工具与实用程序"] }, { id: "data-management/calculate-ratio-of-zero-sparse-serialization", title: "如何计算表中每列空值/零值的比例", description: "了解如何计算 ClickHouse 表中每列空值或零值的比例，以优化稀疏列序列化。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/calculate-ratio-of-zero-sparse-serialization", category: "数据管理", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "security/check-users-roles", title: "如何查看角色与用户的双向分配关系", description: "了解如何查询 ClickHouse 的 `system.role_grants`，以查找分配给角色的用户以及分配给特定用户的角色。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/security/check-users-roles", category: "安全与访问控制", tags: ["服务器管理", "系统表", "Cloud 管理"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/which-processes-are-currently-running", title: "如何查看服务器上当前正在运行的代码？", description: "ClickHouse 提供了 `system.stack_trace` 等内省工具，用于检查每个服务器线程上当前正在运行的代码，有助于调试和性能监控。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/which-processes-are-currently-running", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["服务器管理"] }, { id: "cloud-services/how-to-check-my-clickhouse-cloud-sevice-state", title: "如何查看 ClickHouse Cloud 服务状态", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse Cloud API 检查服务是否已停止、空闲或正在运行，且无需唤醒服务。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/how-to-check-my-clickhouse-cloud-sevice-state", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Cloud 管理"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/configure-a-user-setting", title: "如何在 ClickHouse 中为用户配置设置", description: "了解如何使用 `SET` 和 `ALTER USER` 命令在 ClickHouse 中为单个查询、客户端会话或特定用户定义设置。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/configure-a-user-setting", category: "配置与设置", tags: ["设置"] }, { id: "materialized-views/projection-example", title: "如何确认查询是否使用了 Projection？", description: "了解如何通过测试样本数据并使用 EXPLAIN 来验证 ClickHouse 查询中是否使用了 projection。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/materialized-views/projection-example", category: "Materialized view 与 projection", tags: ["数据建模"] }, { id: "cloud-services/how-to-connect-to-ch-cloud-using-ssh-keys", title: "如何使用 SSH 密钥连接到 ClickHouse", description: "如何使用 SSH 密钥连接到 ClickHouse 和 ClickHouse Cloud", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/how-to-connect-to-ch-cloud-using-ssh-keys", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Managing Cloud", "Security and Authentication"] }, { id: "data-management/dictionary-using-strings", title: "如何使用字符串键和值创建 ClickHouse 字典", description: "了解如何以 MergeTree 表为数据源，使用字符串键和值创建 ClickHouse 字典，并附有配置和使用示例。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/dictionary-using-strings", category: "数据管理", tags: ["Data Modelling"] }, { id: "tables-schema/how-to-create-table-to-query-multiple-remote-clusters", title: "如何创建可查询多个远程集群的表", description: "如何创建可查询多个远程集群的表", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/how-to-create-table-to-query-multiple-remote-clusters", category: "表与 schema", tags: ["Deployments and Scaling"] }, { id: "setup-installation/enabling-ssl-with-lets-encrypt", title: "如何在单台 ClickHouse 服务器上使用 Let's Encrypt 启用 SSL", description: "了解如何使用 Let's Encrypt 为单台 ClickHouse 服务器配置 SSL，包括证书签发、配置和验证。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/enabling-ssl-with-lets-encrypt", category: "安装与配置", tags: ["Security and Authentication"] }, { id: "data-import-export/file-export", title: "如何将 ClickHouse 中的数据导出到文件", description: "了解从 ClickHouse 导出数据的多种方法，包括 `INTO OUTFILE`、File 表引擎以及命令行重定向。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/file-export", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["Data Export"] }, { id: "queries-sql/how-to-filter-a-clickhouse-table-by-an-array-column", title: "如何按 Array 列过滤 ClickHouse 表？", description: "关于如何按 Array 列过滤 ClickHouse 表的知识库文章。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/how-to-filter-a-clickhouse-table-by-an-array-column", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["Data Modelling", "Functions"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/generate-har-file", title: "如何生成 HAR 文件以供支持团队使用", description: "HAR（HTTP Archive）文件记录浏览器中的网络活动，可帮助 ClickHouse 支持团队诊断页面加载缓慢、请求失败或其他网络问题。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/generate-har-file", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["Tools and Utilities"] }, { id: "materialized-views/how-to-display-queries-using-mv", title: "如何识别 ClickHouse 中使用 Materialized View 的查询", description: "了解如何查询 ClickHouse 日志，以识别指定时间范围内涉及 materialized view 的所有查询。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/materialized-views/how-to-display-queries-using-mv", category: "Materialized view 与 PROJECTION", tags: ["System Tables"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/find-expensive-queries", title: "如何识别 ClickHouse 中开销最大的查询", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse 中的 `query_log` 表，识别分布式节点中内存和 CPU 消耗最高的查询。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/find-expensive-queries", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["Performance and Optimizations"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/ignoring-incorrect-settings", title: "如何忽略 ClickHouse 中的错误配置项", description: "了解如何使用 `skip_check_for_incorrect_settings` 选项，使 ClickHouse 在用户级配置项设置有误时仍能正常启动。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/ignoring-incorrect-settings", category: "配置与设置", tags: ["Settings"] }, { id: "data-import-export/json-import", title: "如何将 JSON 导入 ClickHouse？", description: "本页介绍如何将 JSON 数据导入 ClickHouse。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/json-import", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: [] }, { id: "setup-installation/how-to-increase-thread-pool-size", title: "如何增加 ClickHouse 的线程数", description: "了解如何通过调整 `max_thread_pool_size`、`thread_pool_queue_size` 和 `max_thread_pool_free_size` 等参数来配置 ClickHouse 全局线程池。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/how-to-increase-thread-pool-size", category: "安装与配置", tags: ["Performance and Optimizations"] }, { id: "data-import-export/kafka-to-clickhouse-setup", title: "如何将 Kafka 中的数据摄取到 ClickHouse", description: "了解如何使用 Kafka 表引擎、materialized view 和 MergeTree 表将 Kafka topic 中的数据摄取到 ClickHouse。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/kafka-to-clickhouse-setup", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["Data Ingestion"] }, { id: "data-import-export/ingest-parquet-files-in-s3", title: "如何从 S3 存储桶摄取 Parquet 文件", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse 中的 S3 表引擎从 S3 存储桶摄取和查询 Parquet 文件，包括配置、访问权限和数据导入示例。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/ingest-parquet-files-in-s3", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["Data Ingestion"] }, { id: "queries-sql/how-to-insert-all-rows-from-another-table", title: "如何将一张表中的所有行插入另一张表？", description: "关于如何将一张表中的所有行插入另一张表的知识库文章。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/how-to-insert-all-rows-from-another-table", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["Data Ingestion"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/check-query-processing-time-only", title: "如何在不返回行的情况下测量查询处理时间", description: "了解如何使用 ClickHouse 中的 `FORMAT Null` 选项，在不向客户端返回任何行的情况下测量查询处理时间。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/check-query-processing-time-only", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["Performance and Optimizations"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/outputSendLogsLevelTracesToFile", title: "如何使用 clickhouse-client 将日志级别追踪信息输出到文件", description: "如何使用 clickhouse-client 将日志级别追踪信息输出到文件", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/outputSendLogsLevelTracesToFile", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["Data Export"] }, { id: "tables-schema/recreate-table-across-terminals", title: "如何在不同终端间快速重建小表", description: "了解如何在开发环境中通过复制粘贴的方式，在不同终端间快速重建小表及其数据。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/recreate-table-across-terminals", category: "表与 schema", tags: ["Tools and Utilities"] }, { id: "integrations/how-to-set-up-ch-on-docker-odbc-connect-mssql", title: "如何在 Docker 上配置 ClickHouse 并通过 ODBC 连接 Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL) 数据库", description: "如何在 Docker 上配置 ClickHouse 并通过 ODBC 连接 Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL) 数据库", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/how-to-set-up-ch-on-docker-odbc-connect-mssql", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: ["Native Clients and Interfaces"] }, { id: "queries-sql/using-array-join-to-extract-and-query-attributes", title: "如何使用 array join 通过 map 键和值提取并查询动态属性", description: "简单示例，演示如何使用 array join 通过 map 键和值提取并查询不同属性", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/using-array-join-to-extract-and-query-attributes", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["Functions"] }, { id: "materialized-views/how-to-use-parametrised-views", title: "如何在 ClickHouse 中使用参数化视图", description: "了解如何在 ClickHouse 中创建和查询参数化视图，以便根据查询时参数对数据进行动态切片。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/materialized-views/how-to-use-parametrised-views", category: "Materialized views 与 projections", tags: ["使用场景"] }, { id: "tables-schema/exchangeStatementToSwitchTables", title: "如何使用 exchange 命令切换表", description: "如何使用 exchange 命令切换表", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/exchangeStatementToSwitchTables", category: "表与 schema", tags: ["数据管理"] }, { id: "queries-sql/compare-resultsets", title: "如何验证两个查询是否返回相同的结果集", description: "了解如何使用哈希函数和比较技术验证两个 ClickHouse 查询是否返回相同的结果集。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/compare-resultsets", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["Functions"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/check-query-cache-in-use", title: "如何验证 ClickHouse 中的查询缓存使用情况", description: "了解如何通过 `clickhouse-client` 追踪日志或 SQL 命令检查 ClickHouse 中的查询缓存是否正在被使用。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/check-query-cache-in-use", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "cloud-services/unable-to-access-cloud-service", title: "无法访问 ClickHouse Cloud 服务", description: "排查 ClickHouse Cloud 服务的访问问题，包括 IP 访问列表配置", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/unable-to-access-cloud-service", category: "Cloud", tags: ["错误与异常", "Cloud 管理"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/finding-expensive-queries-by-memory-usage", title: "在 ClickHouse 中通过内存使用量识别高开销查询", description: "了解如何使用 `system.query_log` 表找出 ClickHouse 中内存消耗最大的查询，并提供集群和单机部署的示例。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/finding-expensive-queries-by-memory-usage", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "data-import-export/importing-and-working-with-json-array-objects", title: "在 ClickHouse 中导入和查询 JSON 数组对象", description: "了解如何将 JSON 数组对象导入 ClickHouse，并使用 JSON 函数和数组操作执行高级查询。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/importing-and-working-with-json-array-objects", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据格式"] }, { id: "data-import-export/importing-geojason-with-nested-object-array", title: "导入包含深层嵌套对象数组的 GeoJSON", description: "导入包含深层嵌套对象数组的 GeoJSON", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/importing-geojason-with-nested-object-array", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据格式"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/improve-map-performance", title: "提升 ClickHouse 中 Map 查找性能", description: "了解如何通过将特定键物化为独立列来优化 ClickHouse 中 Map 列的查找性能，从而提升查询效率。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/improve-map-performance", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "tables-schema/delete-old-data", title: "能否从 ClickHouse 表中删除旧记录？", description: "本页解答能否从 ClickHouse 表中删除旧记录的问题", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/delete-old-data", category: "表与 schema", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/separate-storage", title: "能否将 ClickHouse 部署为存储与计算分离的架构？", description: "本页解答能否将 ClickHouse 部署为存储与计算分离架构的问题", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/separate-storage", category: "常规与 FAQ", tags: [] }, { id: "data-import-export/json-extract-example", title: "JSON 提取示例", description: "一个简短示例，演示如何从 JSON 中提取基础类型", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/json-extract-example", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据格式"] }, { id: "queries-sql/calculate-pi-using-sql", title: "用 SQL 计算圆周率", description: "今天是圆周率日！让我们用 ClickHouse SQL 来计算圆周率", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/calculate-pi-using-sql", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["使用场景"] }, { id: "cloud-services/clickhouse-cloud-api-usage", title: "使用 API 和 cURL 管理 ClickHouse Cloud 服务", description: "了解如何使用 API 端点和 cURL 命令启动、停止和恢复 ClickHouse Cloud 服务。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/cloud-services/clickhouse-cloud-api-usage", category: "Cloud", tags: ["Cloud 管理", "工具与实用程序"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/mapping-of-system-metrics-to-prometheus-metrics", title: "system.dashboards 中的指标与 `system.custom_metrics` 中 Prometheus 指标的映射关系", description: "system.dashboards 中的指标与 system.custom_metrics 中 Prometheus 指标的映射关系", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/mapping-of-system-metrics-to-prometheus-metrics", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["系统表"] }, { id: "security/windows-active-directory-to-ch-roles", title: "将 Windows Active Directory 安全组映射到 ClickHouse 角色", description: "将 Windows Active Directory 安全组映射到 ClickHouse 角色的示例", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/security/windows-active-directory-to-ch-roles", category: "安全与访问控制", tags: ["工具与实用程序"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/memory-limit-exceeded-for-query", title: "查询内存限制超出", description: "排查查询内存限制超出错误", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/memory-limit-exceeded-for-query", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["错误与异常"] }, { id: "integrations/ODBC-authentication-failed-error-using-PowerBI-CH-connector", title: "使用 Power BI ClickHouse 连接器时出现 ODBC 身份验证失败错误", description: "使用 Power BI ClickHouse 连接器时出现 ODBC 身份验证失败错误", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/ODBC-authentication-failed-error-using-PowerBI-CH-connector", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: ["原生客户端与接口", "错误与异常"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/profiling-clickhouse-with-llvm-xray", title: "使用 LLVM 的 XRay 对 ClickHouse 进行性能分析", description: "了解如何使用 LLVM 的 XRay 插桩分析器对 ClickHouse 进行性能分析、可视化追踪并分析性能。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/profiling-clickhouse-with-llvm-xray", category: "监控与调试", tags: ["性能与优化", "工具与实用程序"] }, { id: "integrations/python-http-requests", title: "使用 HTTP requests 模块的 Python 快速示例", description: "使用 Python 和 requests 模块向 ClickHouse 读写数据的示例", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/python-http-requests", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: ["原生客户端与接口"] }, { id: "configuration-settings/maximum-number-of-tables-and-databases", title: "ClickHouse 中推荐的最大数据库、表、分区和 parts 数量", description: "了解 ClickHouse 集群中推荐的数据库、表、分区和 parts 的最大限制，以确保最佳性能。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/configuration-settings/maximum-number-of-tables-and-databases", category: "配置与设置", tags: ["性能与优化", "部署与扩展"] }, { id: "data-import-export/cannot-append-data-to-parquet-format", title: '解决 ClickHouse 中的 "Cannot Append Data in Parquet Format" 错误', description: '您在 ClickHouse 中是否遇到了 "Cannot append data in format Parquet to file" 错误？让我们来看看如何解决它。', href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/cannot-append-data-to-parquet-format", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["错误与异常", "数据格式"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/exception-too-many-parts", title: '解决 ClickHouse 中的 "Too Many Parts" 错误', description: '了解如何通过优化插入速率、配置 MergeTree 设置以及有效管理分区来解决 ClickHouse 中的 "Too many parts" 错误。', href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/exception-too-many-parts", category: "故障排查与错误", tags: ["错误与异常"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/certificate-verify-failed-error", title: "解决 ClickHouse 中的 SSL 证书验证错误", description: "了解如何解决 SSL 异常 CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED 错误。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/certificate-verify-failed-error", category: "故障排查与错误", tags: ["安全与身份验证", "错误与异常"] }, { id: "troubleshooting/connection-timeout-remote-remoteSecure", title: "解决使用 `remote` 和 `remoteSecure` 表函数时的超时错误", description: "了解如何通过调整连接超时设置来修复在 ClickHouse 中使用 `remote` 或 `remoteSecure` 表函数时的超时错误。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/troubleshooting/connection-timeout-remote-remoteSecure", category: "故障排查与错误", tags: ["错误与异常"] }, { id: "tables-schema/search-across-node-for-tables-with-a-wildcard", title: "使用通配符跨节点搜索表", description: "了解如何使用通配符跨节点搜索表。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/tables-schema/search-across-node-for-tables-with-a-wildcard", category: "表与 schema", tags: ["部署与扩展"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/query-max-execution-time", title: "设置查询执行时间限制", description: "如何强制限制最大查询执行时间", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/query-max-execution-time", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["管理 Cloud", "设置"] }, { id: "data-import-export/json-simple-example", title: "使用带有 materialized view 的落地表提取 JSON 数据的简单示例流程", description: "使用带有 materialized view 的落地表提取 JSON 数据的简单示例流程", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-import-export/json-simple-example", category: "数据导入与导出", tags: ["数据格式"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/async-vs-optimize-read-in-order", title: "同步数据读取", description: "新设置 `allow_asynchronous_read_from_io_pool_for_merge_tree` 允许读取线程（流）的数量高于查询执行管道其余部分中的线程数量。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/async-vs-optimize-read-in-order", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["设置", "性能与优化"] }, { id: "integrations/terraform-example", title: "使用 Cloud API 的 Terraform 示例", description: "本文提供了一个如何使用 Terraform 通过 API 创建/删除集群的示例", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/terraform-example", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: ["原生客户端与接口"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/tips-tricks-optimizing-basic-data-types-in-clickhouse", title: "在 ClickHouse 中优化基本数据类型的提示和技巧", description: "在 ClickHouse 中优化基本数据类型的提示和技巧", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/tips-tricks-optimizing-basic-data-types-in-clickhouse", category: "性能与优化", tags: ["性能与优化"] }, { id: "queries-sql/useful-queries-for-troubleshooting", title: "用于故障排查的实用查询", description: "用于 ClickHouse 故障排查的便捷查询集合，包括监控表大小、长时间运行的查询和错误。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/useful-queries-for-troubleshooting", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["设置"] }, { id: "general-faqs/use-clickhouse-for-log-analytics", title: "使用 ClickHouse 进行日志分析", description: "ClickHouse 因其提供的实时分析功能而在日志和指标分析中广受欢迎。准备好了解更多了吗？", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/use-clickhouse-for-log-analytics", category: "常规与常见问题解答", tags: ["用例"] }, { id: "queries-sql/filtered-aggregates", title: "在 ClickHouse 中使用过滤聚合", description: "了解如何在 ClickHouse 中使用带有 `-If` 和 `-Distinct` 聚合组合器的过滤聚合，以简化查询语法并增强分析能力。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/queries-sql/filtered-aggregates", category: "查询与 SQL", tags: ["函数"] }, { id: "general-faqs/dependencies", title: "运行 ClickHouse 有哪些第三方依赖？", description: "ClickHouse 是自包含的，没有运行时依赖", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/dependencies", category: "常规与常见问题解答", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/dbms-naming", title: '"ClickHouse" 是什么意思？', description: '了解 "ClickHouse" 的含义', href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/dbms-naming", category: "常规与常见问题解答", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/ne-tormozit", title: "“не тормозит” 是什么意思？", description: '本页解释了 "Не тормозит" 的含义', href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/ne-tormozit", category: "常规与常见问题解答", tags: [] }, { id: "integrations/oracle-odbc", title: "如果通过 ODBC 使用 Oracle 时遇到编码问题怎么办？", description: "本页提供了有关通过 ODBC 使用 Oracle 时遇到编码问题时的处理指南", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/integrations/oracle-odbc", category: "集成与客户端库", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/columnar-database", title: "什么是列式数据库？", description: "本页描述了什么是列式数据库", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/columnar-database", category: "常规与常见问题解答", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/olap", title: "What is OLAP?", description: "An explainer on what Online Analytical Processing is", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/olap", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "performance-optimization/optimize-final-vs-final", title: "What is the difference between OPTIMIZE FINAL and FINAL?", description: "Discusses the differences between OPTIMIZE FINAL and FINAL, and when to use and avoid them.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/optimize-final-vs-final", category: "Performance & optimization", tags: ["Core Data Concepts"] }, { id: "general-faqs/sql", title: "What SQL syntax does ClickHouse support?", description: "ClickHouse supports 100% of SQL syntax", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/sql", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "data-management/when-is-ttl-applied", title: "TTL 规则何时生效？我们能否对其进行控制？", description: "ClickHouse 中的 TTL 规则会在后台异步执行，您可以通过 `merge_with_ttl_timeout` 设置来控制其执行时机。了解如何手动触发 TTL 以及如何管理 TTL 执行的后台线程。", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/when-is-ttl-applied", category: "Data management", tags: ["Core Data Concepts"] }, { id: "setup-installation/production", title: "Which ClickHouse version to use in production?", description: "This page provides guidance on which ClickHouse version to use in production", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/setup-installation/production", category: "Setup & installation", tags: [] }, { id: "general-faqs/who-is-using-clickhouse", title: "Who is using ClickHouse?", description: "Describes who is using ClickHouse", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/who-is-using-clickhouse", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }, { id: "data-management/dictionaries-consistent-state", title: "Why can't I see my data in a dictionary in ClickHouse Cloud?", description: "There is an issue where data in dictionaries may not be visible immediately after creation.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/data-management/dictionaries-consistent-state", category: "Data management", tags: ["Managing Cloud", "Data Modelling"] }, { id: "general-faqs/why-recommend-clickhouse-keeper-over-zookeeper", title: "Why is ClickHouse Keeper recommended over ZooKeeper?", description: "ClickHouse Keeper improves upon ZooKeeper with features like reduced disk space usage, faster recovery, and less memory consumption, offering better performance for ClickHouse clusters.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/why-recommend-clickhouse-keeper-over-zookeeper", category: "General & FAQs", tags: ["Core Data Concepts"] }, { id: "monitoring-debugging/why-default-logging-verbose", title: "Why is ClickHouse logging so verbose by default?", description: "Learn why the ClickHouse developers chose to set a verbose logging level by default.", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/monitoring-debugging/why-default-logging-verbose", category: "Monitoring & debugging", tags: ["Settings"] }, { id: "performance-optimization/why-is-my-primary-key-not-used", title: "Why is my primary key not used? How can I check?", description: "Covers a common reason why a primary key is not used in ordering and how we can confirm", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/performance-optimization/why-is-my-primary-key-not-used", category: "Performance & optimization", tags: ["Performance and Optimizations"] }, { id: "general-faqs/mapreduce", title: "Why not use something like MapReduce?", description: "This page explains why you would use ClickHouse over MapReduce", href: "/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/general-faqs/mapreduce", category: "General & FAQs", tags: [] }] }; export const KBExplorer = ({index, featured = []}) => { const featuredIds = featured.map(f => f.id); const assetBase = typeof window !== "undefined" && window.location.pathname.startsWith("/docs") ? "/docs" : ""; const withBase = p => p && p.startsWith("/") ? assetBase + p : p; const data = index || ({ categories: [], tags: [], articles: [] }); const readStoredList = (key, fallback) => { if (typeof window === "undefined") return fallback; try { const raw = localStorage.getItem(key); if (!raw) return fallback; const parsed = JSON.parse(raw); return Array.isArray(parsed) ? parsed : fallback; } catch { return fallback; } }; const [searchTerm, setSearchTerm] = useState(() => { if (typeof window !== "undefined") { return localStorage.getItem("kb-search") || ""; } return ""; }); const [selectedCategories, setSelectedCategories] = useState(() => readStoredList("kb-categories", ["All"])); const [currentPage, setCurrentPage] = useState(1); const itemsPerPage = 6; const [categoriesDropdownOpen, setCategoriesDropdownOpen] = useState(true); const [showFilters, setShowFilters] = useState(() => { if (typeof window !== "undefined") { return localStorage.getItem("kb-show-filters") !== "false"; } return true; }); const [isDesktop, setIsDesktop] = useState(true); useEffect(() => { if (typeof window === "undefined" || !window.matchMedia) return; const mq = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 1024px)"); const update = () => setIsDesktop(mq.matches); update(); mq.addEventListener("change", update); return () => mq.removeEventListener("change", update); }, []); useEffect(() => { if (typeof window !== "undefined") localStorage.setItem("kb-search", searchTerm); }, [searchTerm]); useEffect(() => { if (typeof window !== "undefined") localStorage.setItem("kb-categories", JSON.stringify(selectedCategories)); }, [selectedCategories]); useEffect(() => { if (typeof window !== "undefined") localStorage.setItem("kb-show-filters", String(showFilters)); }, [showFilters]); useEffect(() => { setCurrentPage(1); }, [searchTerm, selectedCategories]); const makeToggle = setter => value => { setter(prev => { if (value === "All") return ["All"]; const withoutAll = prev.filter(v => v !== "All"); const result = withoutAll.includes(value) ? withoutAll.filter(v => v !== value) : [...withoutAll, value]; return result.length === 0 ? ["All"] : result; }); }; const toggleCategory = makeToggle(setSelectedCategories); const categoryOptions = ["All", ...data.categories]; const resetFilters = () => { setSearchTerm(""); setSelectedCategories(["All"]); }; const hasActiveFilters = searchTerm !== "" || !selectedCategories.includes("All"); const filteredArticles = useMemo(() => { const term = searchTerm.toLowerCase(); return data.articles.filter(article => { if (featuredIds.includes(article.id)) return false; const matchesSearch = term === "" || article.title.toLowerCase().includes(term) || (article.description || "").toLowerCase().includes(term) || (article.tags || []).some(t => t.toLowerCase().includes(term)); const matchesCategory = selectedCategories.includes("All") || selectedCategories.includes(article.category); return matchesSearch && matchesCategory; }); }, [data.articles, searchTerm, selectedCategories, featuredIds]); const handleCardClick = (e, href) => { if (e.defaultPrevented) return; if (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey || e.shiftKey || e.altKey || e.button !== 0) return; e.preventDefault(); window.location.assign(withBase(href)); }; const featuredArticles = featured.map(f => { const article = data.articles.find(a => a.id === f.id); return { id: f.id, image: f.image, href: article && article.href || `/zh/resources/support-center/knowledge-base/${f.id}`, title: article && article.title || "" }; }).filter(f => f.image); const Expandable = ({label, options, selectedOptions, onToggle, isOpen, setIsOpen}) => { const activeCount = selectedOptions.filter(o => o !== "All").length; const displayLabel = activeCount > 0 ? `${label} (${activeCount})` : label; return
{isOpen &&
{options.map(option => )}
}
; }; return <>
{} {featuredArticles.length > 0 &&

精选文章

{featuredArticles.map(article => handleCardClick(e, article.href)} className="group block rounded-xl overflow-hidden border border-gray-200 dark:border-white/10 transition-all hover:border-black dark:hover:border-[#FAFF69] hover:shadow-md"> {}
)}
} {}
{}
{}
{}

浏览文章

{filteredArticles.length > 0 ? <> {} {(() => { const totalPages = Math.ceil(filteredArticles.length / itemsPerPage); if (totalPages <= 1) return null; const hasPrev = currentPage > 1; const hasNext = currentPage < totalPages; return
第 {currentPage} 页，共 {totalPages} 页
; })()} :

未找到符合条件的文章。

请尝试调整筛选条件或搜索词。

}
; }; export const featuredArticles = [{ id: 'cloud-services/aws-privatelink-setup-for-clickpipes' }, { id: 'tables-schema/schema-migration-tools' }, { id: 'data-management/read-consistency' }];
装饰性背景图。 装饰性背景图。